West Heslerton: Anglian Settlement Structural Catalogue

012AD00768

Enclosure Ditch

Ditch Details
Length	1691	Maximum Width	80	Maximum Depth	29	Profile	V-shaped
Material Culture	Number of Objects	24	Number of Animal Bones			83
Environmental

Phasing

The enclosure has been assigned a Middle Saxon date, due to the presence of a burnt daub layer, an occurrence which is generally late in the settlement sequence. The datable pottery from the ditch was all Roman, including 3 sherds of samian, although residual Roman material is found in all of the ditches in this part of the site.

Stratigraphic Matrix Diagram

012AD00768

Discussion

This enclosure appears to be one of the earliest of the Middle Saxon period, despite the fact that it contains a burnt red daub layer (012AD00786), Munsell colour 5YR 3/3), generally believed to be late in the settlement sequence. It is possible that this layer is within a later recut of the ditch, although this was not evident during excavation. The other two fills were a sandy clay loam, Munsell colour 10YR 4/2, with 5% chalk inclusions. Fragments of Niedermendig lava were found in two of the excavated segments (012AD00767 and 012AD00786). The animal species represented were predominantly sheep/goat (49%) and cattle (36%), with very little pig (6%).

The ditch was cut into hillwash containing 20% chalk inclusions, generally with a V-shaped profile, and was cut by ditch 012AD00797.

All Contexts and Associated Finds Totals

CUT	FILL	VOLUME	OBJECTS	AN BONE	DENSITY
012AD00768	012AD00767		5	19
	012AD00786		17	49
	012AD00834		2	15

012AD00767 Object Totals by Period and Material

KEY_ID	MATERIAL	PERIOD	No
012AD00767	DAUB		1
	POTTERY	3-4C	1
	STONE		1
	UTILISED STONE	ANGLIAN	1
	WORKED STONE?		1

012AD00786 Object Totals by Period and Material

KEY_ID	MATERIAL	PERIOD	No
012AD00786	DAUB		8
	POTTERY	2C	3
	POTTERY	3-4C	1
	POTTERY	4C?	1
	STONE		3
	UTILISED STONE	ANGLIAN	1

012AD00767 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
012AD00767	Cattle	5
	Pig	2
	Sheep	4
	Sheep/Goat	8

012AD00786 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
012AD00786	Cat	1
	Cattle	19
	Horse	1
	Pig	2
	Sheep	7
	Sheep/Goat	18
	Wild/domestic goose	1

012AD00834 Animal Bone Totals by Species

KEY_ID	SPECIES	No
012AD00834	Cattle	6
	Dog	1
	Domestic fowl	1
	Domestic goose	1
	Hare spp.	1
	Pig	1
	Sheep/Goat	4

Context Details

012AD00768 Sections and Notes

KEY_ID TYPE SHAPE L B D PROFILE NOTES

012AD00767 DITCH FILL LINEAR
472

80

26
V-SHAPED DITCH FILL. BONE AND CHARCOAL FOUND. DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING.5% CHALK INCLUSIONS <3 CMS. TRACES OF CESS IN BASE OF DITCH.

012AD00768 DITCH CUT LINEAR
1691

72

27
V-SHAPED DITCH CUT. HAS 3 FILLS 767 834 786. NO RELATIONSHIP ASCERTAINED BETWEEN THE 3. CUT INTO HILLWASH OF 20% CHALK INCLUSIONS. CUT BY SLOT 796/7. RUNS N-S.

012AD00786 DITCH FILL LINEAR
453

56

29
V-SHAPED DITCH FILL. BONE POTTERY SAMIAN CHARCOAL FOUND. DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING.5% CHALK INCLUSIONS < 5CM. VERY RED FILL MAY BE CONSTRUCTION/DESTRUCTION

012AD00834 DITCH FILL LINEAR
660

72

27
V-SHAPED DITCH FILL. BONE AND POTTERY FOUND. < 5% CHALK INCLUSIONS. SOME DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING. ONE OF 3 FILLS IN 768. RUNS N-S AND INTO N BAULK OF AD.

Objects By Context

KEY_ID	OB	PERIOD	MATERIAL	TYPE	SUB_TYPE	CLASS	No
012AD00767	AA	3-4C	POTTERY	SHERD		ROMANO-BRITISH	1
012AD00767	AB		WORKED STONE?	WHETSTONE?	FINE SANDSTONE		1
012AD00767	AC		DAUB	DAUB			1
012AD00767	AD		STONE	STONE		RED CHALK	2
012AD00767	AE	ANGLIAN	UTILISED STONE	LAVA	NIEDERMENDIG		16
012AD00786	AA		DAUB	DAUB			1
012AD00786	AB	3-4C	POTTERY	SHERD	JCUR	ROMANO-BRITISH	1
012AD00786	AC		STONE	PEBBLE			1
012AD00786	AD		STONE	PEBBLE			1
012AD00786	AE	4C?	POTTERY	SHERD	DPR	ROMANO-BRITISH	1
012AD00786	AF	2C	POTTERY	SHERD	BD	SAMIAN	1
012AD00786	AG	2C	POTTERY	SHERD	30-37?	SAMIAN	1
012AD00786	AH	2C	POTTERY	SHERD	BD	SAMIAN	1
012AD00786	AI		DAUB	DAUB			2
012AD00786	AJ		DAUB	DAUB			1
012AD00786	AK		DAUB	DAUB			1
012AD00786	AL		DAUB	DAUB			1
012AD00786	AM		DAUB	DAUB			1
012AD00786	AN	ANGLIAN	UTILISED STONE	LAVA	NIEDERMENDIG		14
012AD00786	AO		DAUB	DAUB			5
012AD00786	AP		STONE	STONE			1
012AD00786	AQ		DAUB	DAUB			2
012AD00834	AA	4C	POTTERY	SHERD	JHUN	ROMANO-BRITISH	1
012AD00834	AB		CHARCOAL	CHARCOAL SAMPLE			1

Animal Bone by Context

KEY_ID	SPECIES	ELEMENT	QUANT	CHEW	BURN	BUTCH	FBRK
012AD00767	Cattle	Calcaneum	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00767	Cattle	Femur P	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Cattle	M/C D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Cattle	M/C P	1	1	0	0	0
012AD00767	Cattle	Ulna	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00767	Pig	Pelvis	1	0	0	1	1
012AD00767	Pig	Scapula	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep	M/C C	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00767	Sheep	Pelvis	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep	Radius C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep	Radius P	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Atlas	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Horncore	2	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Humerus P	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Humerus P	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Occiput	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Phalanx 2	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Skull fr	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00767	Sheep/Goat	Tibia br	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00786	Cat	Mandible	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Femur fr	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Horncore	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	M/C C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	M/C C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	M/C C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	M/C C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	M/T D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Mandible	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00786	Cattle	Phalanx 1	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Phalanx 1	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Phalanx 1	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Phalanx 1	1	0	1	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Phalanx 1	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Phalanx 2	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Radius C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Radius D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Cattle	Tibia P	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Horse	L Canine	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Pig	Ulna	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Pig	Ulna	1	0	0	1	0
012AD00786	Sheep	Calcaneum	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep	M/C D	1	1	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep	M/T C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep	Phalanx 1	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Atlas	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Femur C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Femur D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Humerus C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	M/C C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	M/T P	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Mand fr	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Occiput	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Pelvis	1	0	0	1	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Pelvis fr	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Radius br	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Radius C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Scapula	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Scapula	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Tibia C	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Sheep/Goat	Ulna	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00786	Wild/domestic goose	Tibia D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Cattle	N.Cuboid	1	0	0	1	0
012AD00834	Cattle	Patella	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Cattle	Pelvis fr	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00834	Cattle	Pelvis fr	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Cattle	Radius D	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00834	Cattle	Tibia P	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Dog	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Domestic fowl	Femur D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Domestic goose	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Hare spp.	Pelvis	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Pig	Ulna	1	1	0	0	0
012AD00834	Sheep/Goat	Humerus D	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00834	Sheep/Goat	Mandible	1	0	0	0	0
012AD00834	Sheep/Goat	Skull fr	1	0	0	0	1
012AD00834	Sheep/Goat	Ulna	1	1	0	0	0

KEY_ID	TYPE	SHAPE	L	B	D	PROFILE	NOTES
012AD00767	DITCH FILL	LINEAR	472	80	26	V-SHAPED	DITCH FILL. BONE AND CHARCOAL FOUND. DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING.5% CHALK INCLUSIONS <3 CMS. TRACES OF CESS IN BASE OF DITCH.
012AD00768	DITCH CUT	LINEAR	1691	72	27	V-SHAPED	DITCH CUT. HAS 3 FILLS 767 834 786. NO RELATIONSHIP ASCERTAINED BETWEEN THE 3. CUT INTO HILLWASH OF 20% CHALK INCLUSIONS. CUT BY SLOT 796/7. RUNS N-S.
012AD00786	DITCH FILL	LINEAR	453	56	29	V-SHAPED	DITCH FILL. BONE POTTERY SAMIAN CHARCOAL FOUND. DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING.5% CHALK INCLUSIONS < 5CM. VERY RED FILL MAY BE CONSTRUCTION/DESTRUCTION
012AD00834	DITCH FILL	LINEAR	660	72	27	V-SHAPED	DITCH FILL. BONE AND POTTERY FOUND. < 5% CHALK INCLUSIONS. SOME DAUB AND CHARCOAL FLECKING. ONE OF 3 FILLS IN 768. RUNS N-S AND INTO N BAULK OF AD.